The Regulation of Medical Professions
نویسندگان
چکیده
This chapter reviews two areas of the medical regulation literature; the licensing of medical professionals and medical malpractice. The licensing literature draws upon a more general literature which explains the existence of regulation as reflecting the interests of either (1) the regulated profession, (2) the public, or (3) a combination of both the public and the profession. The major contribution of the licensing literature has been to empirically test these theories, finding mixed support for all three theories; its major weakness is the lack of empirical studies which explicitly test the third theory. The medical malpractice literature also draws upon a more general theory, hypothesizing that malpractice liability deters negligent treatment. The major contribution is empirical and focuses on two areas: (1) describing the recent existence and extent of the widely perceived medical malpractice ‘crisis’, which has led researchers to advocate diverse reforms of the system and (2) describing and estimating the effectiveness of actual malpractice reforms. The major weakness of the literature is the failure to consider, based upon historical antecedents, that no crisis might exist but that increased medical liability is simply an efficient response to changes in medical practice. JEL classifications: K13, I18
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